Ingaruka zikomeje kwiyongera ku batera imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka batikingiye

Bamwe mu bahinzi bakoresha imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka (pesticides) batikingiye, bavuga ko yagiye igira ingaruka zitandukaye ku buzima bwabo zirimo kwangiza imyanya y’ubuhumekero, uruhu ndetse n’amaso. Hari n’abavuga ko iyo miti ituma umubiri wabo utangira kugira imbaraga nke bagasaza imburagihe.

Gasigwa Michel ni umugabo w’imyaka 65 utuye mu murenge wa Nyange mu Karere ka Musanze, ni umuhinzi. Avuga ko yatangiye gutera iyi miti kera akiri umusore, afite imyaka nka 20, yayiteraga mu birayi, ibigori ndetse n’inyanya.

Mu miti itandukanye bagiye batera harimo nka DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) yo mu bwoko bwa ‘insecticide’ yaje no guhagarikwa n’Ikigo cy’Ubuziranenge cya Amerika mu 1972, nyamara bimwe mu bindi bihugu bitari Amerika byakomeje kuyikoresha, cyane ibyo muri Afurika n’u Rwanda rurimo. DDT yaterwaga mu myaka ikiri mu murima ndetse ikanakoreshwa mu byumye byasaruwe (guhungira) ngo babirinde kumungwa.

Gasigwa avuga ko na nyuma y’aho DDt itagikoreshwa mu Rwanda, haje indi miti nayo yica udukoko twangiza imyaka nka ‘tiyoda’, ‘roketi’ na ‘radomiri’, bakaba ariyo bakomeza gutera mu myaka yabo. Nyamara uko igihe kigenda gishira, batangira kubona ibimenyetso by’ingaruka z’iyo miti ku buzima bwabo.

Uruhuri rw’indwara…

Nk’umuntu umaze igihe atera iyi miti, Gasigwa avuga ko ingaruka yamugizeho ari nyinshi kubera kuyitera atikingiye.

Agira ati « Umuntu uhora atera iyi miti yica udukoko usanga ahorana inkorora idakira, igenda ikagaruka. Amaso yanjye iyo namaraga gutera iyi miti yarandyaga nkayatsirita, nkajya kuyivuza bakampa imiti nkoroherwa. Amaso yageze aho arapfa, nk’ubu sindeba neza ku zuba sinabasha kureba kuri telefoni, n’umuntu uri mu ntera iri kure y’aho ndi simubona neza »

Yongeyeho ko abantu batera iyi miti bafuruta bakanishimagura, bakamera nk’aho barwaye inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa amibe.

Ibura ry’ibikoresho

Habimana Emmanuel bakunze kwita Masoko, w’imyaka 62, yakoze mu mushinga witwa PENAP guhera mu 1986 kugera mu 1994 atera imiti yica udukoko. Avuga ko batangira ntabyo kwikingira bagiraga, nyuma haje kuza undi mushinga witwa SNS w’umuzungu witwa Rupuwi (Le Point) abaha uturindantoki (gants), udupfukamunwa nka tumwe mu nganda bambara, amasarubeti ndetse n’inkweto za bote. Iyo bamaraga gutera iyo miti babahaga amata ngo yatumaga umubiri udacika intege. Iyi porogaramu yaje guhinduka iya RAB.

Habimana Emmanuel bakunze kwita Masoko

Nyuma y’igihe bageze aho ntabyo kwikingira bagifite ndetse n’amata batakiyabona. Habimana avuga ko yumva imbaraga z’umubiri zigenda ziba nke, agahamya ko iyo miti ariyo imwishe. Mu miti bateraga harimo iyitwa ‘titi’, ‘impact windapu’, ‘detane’, DDT n’indi.

Akomeza agira ati “Iyi miti umuntu uyitera adafite ubwirinzi imukukiramo. Iyo namaraga gutera iyo miti numvaga umutima utsikamiwe, mu kanwa hakuma, nkitsamura cyane, ngahumeka nahagira kandi nkagira inyota cyane. Nigeze kuyitera ndarwara njya mu bitaro bantera inshinge, hari nko muri 97.”

Habimana akomeza avuga ko afite n’ibibazo by’amaso, ubu akaba atabasha kureba no ku isaha, kandi ngo si we wenyine kuko na bamwe mu bo bakoranye bagize ibyo bibazo by’amaso, ndetse ngo n’inkorora idakira.  Kwa muganga yarisuzumishije basanga afite uburwayi bw’umwijima, agira n’ibibazo by’ubuhumekero, agakeka ko arwaye asima. Ku myaka 62, abamubona bemeza ko agaragara nk’ufite imyaka 80.

Habimana akomeza avuga ko afite n’ibibazo by’amaso, ubu akaba atabasha kureba no ku isaha

Uwitwa Nyirarukundo Claudine we, uyu muti (roketi na dudu) wamumenetse mu mugongo ipombo awuteresha yapfumutse, azana ubuheri, arafuruta, uruhu rurashishuka. Yagiye kwa muganga bamuha ibinini, gusa yabahishe icyamuteye ubwo burwayi.

RAB ishinja abahinzi  uburangare

Kuba imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka yakangiza ubuzima bw’abantu n’ibidukikije ngo byaterwa gusa n’uko yaba yakoreshejwe nabi.

Dr. Hategekimana Athanase ni umuyobozi wa porogaramu yo kurwanya indwara n’ibyonnyi mu bihingwa (crop protection program) mu Kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi (Rwanda Agriculture Board - RAB). Avuga ko mbere y’uko abahinzi batera iyi miti babanza gusobanurirwa imikoreshereze yayo ndetse bakanagirwa inama yo kwambara bakikwiza bibakingira harimo amasarubeti, bote, n’uturindantoki ndetse n’ibirinda isura.

Dr. Hategekimana yemeza ko kuba iyi miti yakangiza ubuzima ndetse n’ibidukikije byaturuka ku mikoreshereze mibi ndetse n’uburangare bw’abayitera, mu gihe bayiteye batikingiye, bagatera ikigero kirenze igiteganijwe cyangwa bagatera ibujijwe gukoreshwa mu Rwanda. Gusa ntahakana ko iyi miti ari uburozi bushobora kwangiza ubuzima.   

Imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka igira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu, zaba iz’igihe gito nko kubabara umutwe no kugira isesemi cyangwa indwara zidakira nka kanseri no kwangiza imyororokere; bikanagabanya ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye mu butaka.

Ishami ry'umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, ritangaza ko imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka iri mu byongera umubare w’imfu, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikennye n’ibiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Rigatanga inama ko ikoreshwa ryayo ryajya ryitonderwa ndetse rikagenzurwa.